Open ResearchThe Open Research digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material.https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:4432024-03-28T02:28:48Z2024-03-28T02:28:48ZThe Effect of Social Anxiety on Top-Down Attentional Orienting to Emotional FacesDelchau, HannahChristensen, BruceLipp, OttmarGoodhew, Stephanie Catherinehttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/3163872024-03-28T01:11:05Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: The Effect of Social Anxiety on Top-Down Attentional Orienting to Emotional Faces
Author(s): Delchau, Hannah; Christensen, Bruce; Lipp, Ottmar; Goodhew, Stephanie Catherine
Description: One of the fundamental factors maintaining social anxiety is biased attention toward threatening facial expressions. Typically, this bias has been conceptualized as driven by an overactive bottom-up atten-tional system; however, this potentially overlooks the role of top-down attention in being able to modulate this bottom-up bias. Here, the role of top-down mechanisms in directing attention toward emotional faces was assessed with a modified dot-probe task, in which participants were given a top-down cue (“happy” or “angry”) to attend to a happy or angry face on each trial, and the cued face was either presented with a face of the other emotion (angry, happy) or a neutral face. This study found that social anxiety was not associated with differences in shifting attention toward cued angry faces. However, participants with higher levels of social anxiety were selectively impaired in attentional shifting toward a cued happy face when it was paired with an angry face, but not when paired with a neutral face. The results indicate that top-down attention can be used to orient attention to emotional faces, but that higher levels of social anxiety are associated with selective deficits in top-down control of attention in the presence of threat.
Keywords: selective attention, spatial attention, social anxiety, dot-probe, threat bias, top-down attention2022-01-01T00:00:00ZAncient DNA reveals five streams of migration into Micronesia and matrilocality in early Pacific seafarersLiu, Yue-ChenHunter-Anderson, RosalindCheronet, OliviaEakin, JoanneCamacho, FrankPietrusewsky, MichaelRohland, NadinIoannidis, AlexanderAthens, J. StephenToomay Douglas, MicheleIkehara-Quebral, Rona MichiBernardos, RebeccaCulleton, Brendan J.Mah, MatthewAdamski, NicoleBroomandkhoshbacht, NasreenCallen, KimberlyLawson, Ann MarieMandl, KirstenMichel, MeganOppenheimer, JonasStewardson, KristinZalzala, FatmaKidd, KennethKidd, JudithSchurr, Theodore G.Auckland, KathrynHill, Adrian S. V.Mentzer, Alexander J.Quinto-Cortés, Consuelo D.Robson, KathrynKennett, Douglas JPatterson, NickBustamante, Carlos D.Moreno-Estrada, AndrésSpriggs, MatthewVilar, MiguelLipson, MarkPinhasi, RonReich, Davidhttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/3163862024-03-28T00:59:34Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Ancient DNA reveals five streams of migration into Micronesia and matrilocality in early Pacific seafarers
Author(s): Liu, Yue-Chen; Hunter-Anderson, Rosalind; Cheronet, Olivia; Eakin, Joanne; Camacho, Frank; Pietrusewsky, Michael; Rohland, Nadin; Ioannidis, Alexander; Athens, J. Stephen; Toomay Douglas, Michele; Ikehara-Quebral, Rona Michi; Bernardos, Rebecca; Culleton, Brendan J.; Mah, Matthew; Adamski, Nicole; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Callen, Kimberly; Lawson, Ann Marie; Mandl, Kirsten; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Stewardson, Kristin; Zalzala, Fatma; Kidd, Kenneth; Kidd, Judith; Schurr, Theodore G.; Auckland, Kathryn; Hill, Adrian S. V.; Mentzer, Alexander J.; Quinto-Cortés, Consuelo D.; Robson, Kathryn; Kennett, Douglas J; Patterson, Nick; Bustamante, Carlos D.; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Spriggs, Matthew; Vilar, Miguel; Lipson, Mark; Pinhasi, Ron; Reich, David
Description: Micronesia began to be peopled earlier than other parts of Remote Oceania, but the origins of its inhabitants remain unclear. We generated genome-wide data from 164 ancient and 112 modern individuals. Analysis reveals five migratory streams into Micronesia. Three are East Asian related, one is Polynesian, and a fifth is a Papuan source related to mainland New Guineans that is different from the New Britain–related Papuan source for southwest Pacific populations but is similarly derived from male migrants ~2500 to 2000 years ago. People of the Mariana Archipelago may derive all of their precolonial ancestry from East Asian sources, making them the only Remote Oceanians without Papuan ancestry. Female-inherited mitochondrial DNA was highly differentiated across early Remote Oceanian communities but homogeneous within, implying matrilocal practices whereby women almost never raised their children in communities different from the ones in which they grew up.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZInteractions of Sinitic Languages: IntroductionYe, Zhengdaohttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/3163852024-03-28T00:50:09Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Interactions of Sinitic Languages: Introduction
Author(s): Ye, Zhengdao
Editor(s): Ye, Zhengdao
Description: This chapter provides an overview of the selection of the chapters included in Section 3 of The Palgrave Handbook of Chinese Language Studies. The chapters present a broad picture of the dynamic interactions within Sinitic languages and of those between Sinitic languages and non-Sinitic languages, and explore how such interactions have influenced the formation of diverse Sinitic languages and of the languages with which they have been in contact.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTransference of Chinese to English: IntroductionWong, JockYe, Zhengdaohttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/3163842024-03-28T00:34:24Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Transference of Chinese to English: Introduction
Author(s): Wong, Jock; Ye, Zhengdao
Editor(s): Zhengdao Ye
Description: This introductory chapter provides an overview of the chapters included in the section on transference of Chinese to English. These chapters deal with Singapore English, Malaysian English, Academic English, Chinese loanwords in English, and Business English.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZThermal Conductivity of Amorphous NbOx Thin Films and Its Effect on Volatile Memristive SwitchingNandi, SanjoyDas, Sujan KumarCui, YuboEl Helou, AssaadNATH, SHIMUL KANTIRatcliff, TomRaad, Peter E.Elliman, Robhttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/3163822024-03-28T00:24:19Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous NbOx Thin Films and Its Effect on Volatile Memristive Switching
Author(s): Nandi, Sanjoy; Das, Sujan Kumar; Cui, Yubo; El Helou, Assaad; NATH, SHIMUL KANTI; Ratcliff, Tom; Raad, Peter E.; Elliman, Rob
Description: Metal-oxide-metal (MOM) devices based on niobium oxide exhibit threshold switching (or current-controlled negative differential resistance) due to thermally induced conductivity changes produced by Joule heating. A detailed understanding of the device characteristics therefore relies on an understanding of the thermal properties of the niobium oxide film and the MOM device structure. In this study, we use time-domain thermoreflectance to determine the thermal conductivity of amorphous NbOx films as a function of film composition and temperature. The thermal conductivity is shown to vary between 0.86 and 1.25 W·m-1·K-1 over the composition (x = 1.9 to 2.5) and temperature (293 to 453 K) ranges examined, and to increase with temperature for all compositions. The impact of these thermal conductivity variations on the quasistatic current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and oscillator dynamics of MOM devices is then investigated using a lumped-element circuit model. Understanding such effects is essential for engineering functional devices for nonvolatile memory and brain-inspired computing applications.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z